Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is one of the most common oral health problems among adults, but it’s also one of the most preventable. It begins when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along the gumline and causes inflammation. If left untreated, it can progress to more serious stages that lead to gum recession, bone loss, and even tooth loss. Understanding what increases your risk can help you take the right steps to protect your gums. Here are 4 major risk factors for gum disease you should know about.