Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is one of the most common oral health problems among adults, but it’s also one of the most preventable. It begins when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along the gumline and causes inflammation. If left untreated, it can progress to more serious stages that lead to gum recession, bone loss, and even tooth loss. Understanding what increases your risk can help you take the right steps to protect your gums. Here are 4 major risk factors for gum disease you should know about.
1. Poor Oral Hygiene
The most common and significant risk factor for gum disease is poor oral hygiene. Failing to brush and floss regularly allows plaque to build up on your teeth. Over time, plaque hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional. The bacteria in plaque and tartar irritate the gums, leading to inflammation and infection. Brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and visiting your dentist for regular cleanings are essential habits for keeping your gums healthy and preventing disease.
2. Tobacco Use
Smoking or using other forms of tobacco dramatically increases your risk of gum disease. Tobacco affects blood flow to the gums, making it harder for your body to fight off infection and for your gums to heal properly. Smokers are not only more likely to develop gum disease, but their symptoms may also be less noticeable until the disease has advanced. Quitting tobacco is one of the best things you can do for both your oral and overall health.
3. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women, can make gums more sensitive and vulnerable to plaque buildup. Pregnancy, menstruation, menopause, and even puberty can all trigger changes in hormone levels that increase the risk of gum inflammation. During these times, it’s especially important to stay consistent with oral hygiene and keep up with dental checkups to catch early signs of gum irritation or bleeding.
4. Certain Health Conditions and Medications
Systemic health conditions such as diabetes can significantly affect gum health. High blood sugar levels make it harder for your body to fight infection, increasing the likelihood of gum disease. Additionally, certain medications can cause dry mouth, reducing saliva flow that normally helps protect against bacteria. If you have a medical condition or take prescription medications, talk to your dentist about preventive steps to protect your gums.
While some risk factors can’t be completely avoided, maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental visits can go a long way in preventing gum disease. By understanding and managing these risks, you can keep your gums—and your smile—healthy for life.
About the Practice
Has it been 6 months or longer since your last dental checkup? If you’re overdue for an appointment, trust our expert team at Crossroads Family Dentistry to get you back in tip-top oral shape. Whether it’s a routine checkup and cleaning or nightguards and dental sealants, our preventive services will keep problems away before they balloon. Come see why we’re a trusted provider. Schedule an appointment online or call (434) 841-1704.